PuniCodex

The Living Myth

धर्म Dharma

Law, Duty, Righteousness · That Which Holds, Law and Righteousness · That which holds or sustains — law, duty, and righteousness

ASCII-equivalent form Dharma
Dharma — Law, Duty, Righteousness
01

Mythology

Stories of Dharma

Dharma’s mythology is the epics’ moral machinery: the god of righteousness fathers the eldest Pāṇḍava, tests his devotees in disguise, and — in the Nala story — teaches dice to a king as the instrument of ruin. He has no cult-image because he is what every cult-image stands for; yet the tradition gave him a family and a biography.

Mahābhārata

The Father of Yudhiṣṭhira

When Pāṇḍu was cursed to die on his wedding night, his queens invoked the gods: Dharmarāja himself, the god of righteousness, fathered Yudhiṣṭhira on Kuntī. The eldest Pāṇḍava is thus dharma’s son — which is why the epic keeps asking whether righteousness itself can survive the dice-game and the war it forces.

Dharma-Upākhyāna

The Tests in Disguise

The epic’s forest-books stage Dharma’s examinations: as a stork demanding why Yudhiṣṭhira would not abandon a fallen brother; as a Yakṣa whose riddles the king answers with the epic’s most quoted verses; as a dog who follows the Pāṇḍavas to heaven’s gate and is refused entry — until Yudhiṣṭhira refuses heaven without it. The dog was Dharma; the gate opens.

Nala Cycle

The God Who Taught Dice

In the Nala episode, Kali — the demon of the Kali Yuga — begs Dharma for a means to enter the righteous king Nala; Dharma, inexplicably, teaches him dice. The story’s commentators wrestled for centuries with the god of righteousness arming the demon of strife: the standard resolution — even dharma’s permission is a test that righteousness must survive.

Purāṇic Personification

The Son of Brahmā

The Purāṇas give Dharma genealogy: born of Brahmā’s breast as one of the mind-born sons, husband of Dhṛti and father of the personified virtues — Kāma (desire), Lobha (greed), Darpa (pride) and the rest. The abstraction’s family-tree is the Indian psyche’s map of its own forces.

02

That Which Holds: Law, Duty, and Righteousness

The Moral Order Personified

Dharma is the load-bearing word of Indian civilization: the law that holds the cosmos, the duty that holds the person, the order that holds society. From √dhṛ, ‘to sustain’, it names everything that keeps the world from sliding into chaos — and in the epics it walks as a person: the god of righteousness, father of Yudhiṣṭhira, who came down to test his own devotees.

The Load-Bearer

The cosmos rests on dharma; the four feet of the bull of dharma mark the four ages of time.

Duty by Caste and Stage

Svadharma — one’s own duty by birth and life-stage: the Bhagavadgītā’s central teaching.

The Cosmic Ages

The four yugas are the four feet of the bull: four in the Kṛta age, one stumbling foot in ours.

The Tester of Men

In the epics Dharma appears in disguise — a beggar, a dog, a crane — to test righteousness where it counts.

Sacred Symbols

The Load-Bearer The cosmos rests on dharma; the four feet of the bull of dharma mark the four ages of time.
Duty by Caste and Stage Svadharma — one’s own duty by birth and life-stage: the Bhagavadgītā’s central teaching.
The Cosmic Ages The four yugas are the four feet of the bull: four in the Kṛta age, one stumbling foot in ours.
The Tester of Men In the epics Dharma appears in disguise — a beggar, a dog, a crane — to test righteousness where it counts.
04

The Name

From the original script to the living URL

Original Script

धर्म

The name in its original Sanskrit form. Dharma (धर्म) is attested in the source tradition — “That which holds or sustains — law, duty, and righteousness; the moral and religious order that upholds the world (from √dhṛ, 'to hold, sustain').”. Its original diacritics and script distinctions carry the full phonetic and orthographic weight of the source tradition.

ASCII Constraint

dharma

The plain dharma form is identical to the Unicode restoration. Because this name is already written in Latin letters, no diacritics, stress, or script information were lost — only capitalization differs.

Unicode Restoration

Dharma

The Unicode restoration does not need to recover lost marks for Dharma. Its value is canonical spelling and consistent cataloguing, not the reconstruction of erased orthography. The domain is readable as-is to both DNS and humanity.

ASCII-Clean Name
Dharma.com

This restoration is written entirely in ASCII letters — no Punycode encoding stands between Dharma and the DNS. The domain reads identically to machines and to human eyes.

05

Name Variations

The attested spelling family of Dharma

Canonical Restoration

Dharma

Restores धर्म. The full Unicode restoration. dharma.com is not in the PuniCodex collection — it is watched for release; if it drops, this temple upgrades to an owned flagship. Attested by MW, Manusmriti.

06

Pronunciation

How Dharma was spoken

/ˈdɑːrmə/ Sanskrit (IAST: Dharma)
Dhar- The dh is a voiced aspirate — “d” with breath; the a is long “ah”.
-ma The word is the abstract noun from √dhṛ, “to hold, sustain” — that which holds the world up.
07

Original Script & Provenance

How Dharma travels from ancient script to the modern URL

धर्म
Devanagari
Dharma
ध
Letter
र
Letter
्
Letter
म
Letter
Original Script
धर्म
Indigenous writing
Transliteration
Dharma
Scholarly reading
Unicode Restoration
Dharma
Registrable form
Punycode
dharma.com
DNS encoding
ASCII Fallback
dharma
Flattened spelling

From original to transliteration

  1. Sanskrit Dharma is written in Devanagari as धर्म
  2. IAST transliteration maps each Devanagari vowel and consonant to a Latin equivalent
  3. Macrons mark long vowels (ā, ī, ū); dots beneath consonants mark retroflex articulation (ṭ, ḍ, ṇ, ṣ)
Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryTier 2
Macdonell, Sanskrit Grammar for StudentsTier 2
Go Deeper

Extended Lore

The lore you have read is the living myth. Extended Lore opens the scholarly vault beneath it: the cult and its material remains, a history of the image, the name after antiquity, a meditation on what the name still means, and the full scholarly apparatus — etymology, orthography, sources.

Enter Extended Lore
Dharma mascot