
Vāc through the eyes of sculptors, painters, and craftsmen across the ages

Oleograph print from the Ravi Varma Press after Raja Ravi Varma, c. 1930. Saraswati holds a vīnā, manuscript (pustaka), and prayer beads (akṣamālā).

Granite sculpture of Saraswati at the Brihadeshwara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Tamil Nadu; c. 1025 CE, Chola dynasty.

Vishnu flanked by his consorts Saraswati and Lakshmi within an arched niche; Pala dynasty (Bengal/Bihar), 11th century. British Museum.

Sculpture of Sarasvati holding a palm-leaf manuscript; from the Kolanupaka museum, Telangana, 9th–13th century (Kalyani Chalukya period).

Folio from the Rukmini-Parinaya series: Saraswati riding a white bird and holding a bīn (rudra vīnā); Kotah, Rajasthan, c. 1700. Rao Madho Singh Museum Trust, City Palace, Kotah.